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Baring All: A Bare-Root Primer

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Bare Root Mass
Photo Credit: Megan Bame
Look for a healthy, hydrated mass of roots on bare-root plant material.
While you’re likely familiar with potted plants, which are commonly available at garden centers, bare-root trees and shrubs may be a new horticultural concept. Or perhaps you’ve seen these soil-free twigs with seemingly tangled roots and wondered, “How would I care for that?” But once you know the basics of bare-root care, you’ll likely feel as if you’ve opened up a whole new world of plant possibilities.

First off, you can’t dillydally with bare-root plant material. Be aware that it’s only available in the winter and very early spring. Bare-root plants are harvested and shipped in the dormant state. Once the plant begins to break bud, the window for successful planting closes rapidly. So good news: You don’t have to wait until spring to start planting! What’s more, there’s a wide variety of bare-root plant material available, including fruit trees, fruit vines/canes, shade trees, ornamental shrubs, roses and some perennial vegetables.

While some bare-root plants are available at garden centers, most gardeners turn to mail-order nurseries to get theirs. One advantage of going mail-order is that you can often choose from a wider selection of plants, including rare heirloom varieties. But don’t get too carried away! Before you buy anything, be sure that the plants you want to order (perhaps from across the country) are suitable for your climate.

Another advantage is bare-root plants usually cost 10-40 percent less than container-grown selections, even after shipping costs. Bare-root plants are economical to ship because there’s no heavy soil to add to freight costs. The roots are packed in sawdust, shredded paper or sphagnum moss to hold moisture. This temporary root-ball is then wrapped in plastic to prevent the packing material from drying out.

Warnings
  • Assess the quality of your mail-order plant material upon arrival. If the plant has excessive mold, bacterial rot or is very dry, notify the nursery immediately. Then if the plant dies despite your best efforts, contact the nursery again for a replacement or refund, referencing your earlier concerns with the plant’s health.
Tips
  • When buying bare-root plants that are individually packaged, be sure the packing material is still moist. If you can’t feel the packing material, judge the moisture by choosing the heavier packages.
Facts
  • If you’re buying plants that bear fruit, recognize that while 1-year-old plants are cheaper, you probably won’t harvest any fruit from them until next year. (Two-year-old plants should produce this year, but they’ll be more expensive.)
Faqs
  • Q: I’ve found some bare-root plants on clearance in late spring. If they’ve already started leafing out, won’t I be ahead of the game?
    A: No! Be very wary of discounted bare-root plants. They may have been allowed to dry out, or, if they’re leafing out, they won’t be inclined to establish a strong root system since the plants’ energy is being directed to vegetative growth.
Definitions
  • Desiccation: The loss of moisture due to wind or heat.
 
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