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Perennial Basics: Getting Started

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Dr. Mark Miller

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Tradescantia 'Spiderwort'
Photo Credit: Felder Rushing
Spiderwort’s Latin name, Tradescantia, honors early English father and son botanists, the Tradescants.
Before gardeners plant and enjoy perennials in their landscapes, I recommend that they go through a few steps in the process of creating a garden that fulfills their needs and that they’ll appreciate year after year. If you’ve inherited a garden that you didn’t design yourself, you might want to rethink sections (or all of it) to suit your taste. (Because shouldn’t your garden reflect you?)

Generally long-lived and adaptable to any garden situation, perennials bring constantly changing appeal to your landscape. If planted in the right spot and maintained, they can resist pest and disease problems. They can give you that dash of color you need in a dark corner or provide an overall feel that unifies your entire property – and they’ll do that same thing for you next year…and the year after that. Because perennials are regular players in the garden (as opposed to annuals, which come and go and can be replaced each season), there’s some special planning involved in perennial selection and care. (There may be lots of things to consider, but that’s the fun of gardening!)

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Stokesia laevis 'Stokes Aster"
Photo Credit: Felder Rushing
The pretty flowers of Stoke’s aster come in many pastel colors.
As I mention in “Designing With Perennials,” you need to know your landscape and yourself. This is the vital piece in planning. Where is it full sun, and which part of the garden stays wet? Do you want to emphasize a particular color in your yard? Are you more attracted to symmetry and order, or maybe whimsy and a naturalistic look? Will you be puttering around the garden all day (and don’t mind a few plants that require extra care) or just enjoying it on the weekends (and want low-maintenance plants)? These are all good questions to ask yourself before choosing and planting your perennials.

And there are so many choices! That’s the good news and the bad. A perennial exists for every garden situation you need to satisfy, but how do you know which one(s) to pick?

Tips
  • Mix your perennials with other plant types, including groundcovers and herbs. Many also do well under shrubs and in containers and rock gardens.
  • There’s no such thing as “no-maintenance,” so you’ll have to let that dream wither away. Even the most self-sufficient, low-maintenance plants need a little care or attention every so often.
Faqs
  • Q: What’s the difference between an annual and a perennial?
    A: An annual is a plant that blooms, sets seed and dies within one growing season. A perennial is a hardy plant that sticks around season after season. (It typically lives three or more years.)
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Articles
  • What’s a Perennial and How Do I Use It?
    If you’ve ever wondered what exactly a perennial is, wonder no longer – and pick up a few perennial basics in the process.
  • Designing With Perennials
    Designing a perennial garden is fun and rewarding. Here are a few tips to help get your growing masterpiece on its way.
  • Perennial Care & Maintenance
    Your perennials have been planted – now what? Use these basic care tips as a guide for keeping your gorgeous growers looking their best.
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