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Asclepias curassavica
Photo Credit: Mark Fishbein
Bloodflower (Asclepias curassavica) is becoming more popular as a cut flower.
Whether it’s for attracting countless butterflies to your back yard or contributing to monarch conservation, milkweeds are increasingly finding their way into US gardens – and doing a beautiful job.

Native to America, milkweeds (Asclepias) are attractive plants that work well in the landscape and serve as a food source for monarch caterpillars. (While this can cause leaf damage, it usually happens late in summer as plants are going dormant and does not cause long-term damage.) There are more than 120 species of milkweeds that can be found from sea level to mountain tops and grow naturally in a wide variety of habitats, including prairies, forests and deserts. In other words: There’s surely a milkweed that will grow well in everyone’s garden.

Milkweed flowers are fascinating in their complexity – rivaling that of orchids – and the species are highly variable in the size, color and fragrance of floral displays. The following plants are just a few milkweed examples that you might want to try in your back yard.

Bloodflower (A. curassavica), for example, is native to Mexico but makes a great annual and would make a nice addition to a back yard. This bold-colored plant has bright yellow and scarlet flowers, narrow leaves and reaches 4 to 5 feet tall. A pure yellow cultivar is also widely available. Unlike other commonly cultivated milkweeds, bloodflower is grown as an annual, meaning that it only grows for one year.

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Asclepias incarnata
Photo Credit: Mark Fishbein
Try swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) in a border garden.
Swamp milkweed (A. incarnata) is native to the eastern and midwestern US but can be grown as far north as Zone 3 (think Minnesota and Wisconsin cold) and as far north as Zone 8 (the Deep South, but not the Gulf Coast). Swamp milkweed tolerates wet soils, as its name indicates, but it doesn’t require them. Bloom color varies from very pale to intense pink. The flowering clusters are more widely dispersed on the taller stems of this species, which reach a height of 4 to 5 feet.
Warnings
  • Many milkweeds have a milky sap that can cause dermatitis (skin inflammation) when the stems are cut.
Tips
  • Look for milkweed seed from suppliers of native plants.
Definitions
  • Herbaceous: Non-woody plants (meaning no woody stems). Trees and shrubs are not herbaceous, but most perennials are.
  • Perennial: An herbaceous plant that lives for more than two years in the landscape. Although the plant dies back to the ground in winter, it comes back from the root system every year. (Common examples include most milkweeds, as well as coneflowers and daylilies.)
Resources
  • USDA Hardiness Zone indicate whether a perennial, shrub or tree will live through the winter. They were created by the United States Department of Agriculture. There are 11 zones, ranging from 1 (in Alaska) to 11 (in Hawaii).
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