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Success With Stem Cuttings

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Plant Cells
Photo Credit: Megan Bame
Lots of plants will root by cuttings, including butterfly bush, hydrangea, beautyberry and boxwood (and more)!
Have you ever been in someone else’s garden and wished you had the exact same plant? Would you believe me if I told you that you could? And no, it doesn’t involve a late night trip and a shovel! It involves a type of plant propagation – using stem cuttings. Stem cuttings are small parts of a plant that come from the tips of the stems. And the great thing about using stem cuttings is that you’ll wind up with an exact genetic replica of the plant you’re duplicating – it’s a clone.

Now you may be wondering which plants you can propagate by stem cuttings. As a general rule, the woodier the plant is, the harder it is to root. For example, a poinsettia – an herbaceous plant with soft stems – roots easily. Shrubs, like hollies and azaleas, root pretty well if you use a little rooting hormone. And trees, like oaks, are very difficult to root no matter what technique you use.

Many annuals and perennials can be propagated by stem cuttings: from coleus and basil to rosemary and chrysanthemums. Some of your woody shrubs and trees may take a little more practice (and some just plain don’t root well this way at all). But trust me – you’ll get better at it with practice. And a good way to learn is to experiment with lots of different plants – just be sure to include some herbaceous ones when you’re getting started so you’re assured some success.

Warnings
  • Using too much rooting hormone will decrease rooting. A little dusting works best.
Tips
  • As you experiment with different stem cuttings, keep a log to record your successes. At minimum, note the date the cutting was stuck, whether or not you applied rooting hormone and the date the plant was fully rooted.
Facts
  • After the cuttings have formed roots, remove the plastic covering. Once your new plants have their own roots, they can fend for themselves (with watering as needed).
Resources
  • Two source books for researching when and how to take cuttings are: Native Trees, Shrubs, and Vines: A Guide to Using, Growing, and Propagating North American Woody Plants by William Cullina (Houghton Mifflin), and Growing and Propagating Showy Native Woody Plants by Richard E. Bir (The University of North Carolina Press).
 
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Next Steps


Articles
  • Propagation Basics
    Curious on how to bring life to a new plant? Here’s an introduction to plant propagation – both by seed and vegetative methods.
  • Rooting Hormones
    Having trouble establishing cuttings? Try using a rooting hormone. Here’s how they work.
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