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Making the Most of Your Leaves

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Leaf Pile
Photo Credit: Frank Tansey
These oak leaves make a great mulch when shredded.
You’ve traded the lawn mower for the rake. You’ve gone outside in the crisp, cool weather and gathered those fallen leaves off your lawn. But now those big piles of leaves are looming large, and the fun of jumping in them is subsiding. What the heck are you gonna do with all those leaves?

Use them in your garden!

Leaves can provide at least two useful materials for your yard: leaf mulch and leaf mold. Let’s start with the mulch.

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Shredded leaf mulch
Photo Credit: Frank Tansey
Shredded oak leaves make a great mulch for a tri-colored beech tree in an atrium planter.
My former landlords enthusiastically encouraged my roommate and me to hand over the leaves we’d rake up to make mulch. The landlords put the leaves through a giant shredder and then simply gave it all back to us to spread on top of the soil in our garden. If you don’t have a shredder, you can run a lawn mower over a pile of leaves a few times. (Seriously.) A mower with a clipping bag is ideal for this. Another way to shred the leaves is to put them in a garbage can and use a string trimmer to “blend” the leaves into pieces. (Wear safety goggles for shredding!) Truth is, you don’t actually have to shred the leaves – it’s just that we found that the chopped leaves stayed put better than whole leaves, despite the winter wind.

A great time to mulch is after the first few frosts. Clear the area of dead vegetation in your garden then apply about 2 inches of your leaf mulch. The benefits of using leaf mulch are many, including keeping down weeds, protecting the soil from temperature extremes, preventing soil erosion and adding nutrients to the soil as the leaves decompose. After doing this just once, I didn’t question why my landlords were so enthusiastic about leaf mulch.

Warnings
  • Have you noticed that a lot of plants won’t grow in the vicinity of the black walnut tree? Black walnut tree parts have a toxic compound called juglone, which inhibits the ability of many plants to acquire energy. Leaves from this tree and other poisonous plants are not good sources for leaf mulch or leaf mold. Be sure not to subject your garden to black walnut toxicity.
  • Leaves from poisonous plants are not good sources for leaf mulch or leaf mold. Be sure not to subject your garden to such toxicity.
Tips
  • At least once every three years, check your soil pH to be sure the addition of leaves hasn’t added too much acidity to your soil. Your local Extension Service can give you specific directions for collecting a sample and sending it into them; the test is usually performed for a small fee.
Definitions
  • Humus: A complex substance that’s the result of fully decayed organic matter in soil. Humus is often used to describe leaf mold or mature compost, which are partially decayed matter. Adding humus to the soil makes the soil more friable and increases moisture retention.
  • Leaf mold: Dark, flaky material derived from decomposed leaves (leaves that have been exposed to weather and time). It’s a carbon-rich ingredient for improving soil structure. (Also known as “leaf mould” or “horticultural mold.”)
 
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