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How to Properly Water Houseplants: Tools of the Trade

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Watering saucers and watering can
Photo Credit: Megan Bame
Place a saucer under each houseplant.
Many times I’m asked, “How often should I water my houseplants?” While it’s a legitimate question, how often a plant should be watered ought to be preempted by, “How should I water my houseplants?”

You may think that watering is a no-brainer. While it may seem like a simple task at first thought, there’s definitely a right way and a wrong way to water, and quite often it’s done incorrectly – at the expense of your plants.

When it comes to successfully growing houseplants, your two new best friends should be a watering can and a water-collection device under each pot. I prefer a plastic watering can because they’re lightweight, don’t rust and often come with a breaker (nozzle) on the end of the spout. The breaker literally breaks the stream of water into smaller streams, and prevents “craters” forming in the media (potting mix), as well as prevents blasting the media out of the pot and onto the floor. A long spout on your can will also help reach those “hard-to-get-to” areas. To avoid ruining carpets or hardwood floors, you’ll also need a plastic saucer under your houseplant to collect any excess water that may run out of the bottom of the pot.

When applying water to a pot, direct the breaker around all sides of the pot so that the water is distributed evenly onto the media’s surface. This technique will ensure that all of the roots have equal opportunity to absorb the water they need. Apply the water just at the base of the plants to avoid getting the foliage wet.

Warnings
  • If houseplants are fertilized on a regular basis, eventually the excess water that gathers in the saucer (the leachate) will contain soluble salts or excess fertilizers that were pulled from the media. A plant “sitting” in a saucer of concentrated salts can lead to problems. An hour or so after watering, remove what’s gathered in the saucer before it can be reabsorbed into the potting mix.
Tips
  • When selecting a saucer for underneath your containers, use plastic. Unlike clay saucers, plastic ones are impermeable to water and rarely scuff up hardwood floors.
  • Wet foliage increases the potential onset of foliar diseases. With that said, houseplants will need a “shower” approximately two to three times a year to remove any dust or grime that accumulates on their leaves. This can be done outside with a garden hose in summer or in a bathroom shower during winter.
Definitions
  • Media: What your houseplant grows in. (The “dirt’ in your yard is “soil.”) Media is made up of growing components that are not true soils. Often referred to as “soilless media,” these growing components include vermiculite, perlite, peat, bark, sand, gravel, sphagnum moss and the like. Most houseplant potting mixes available in garden centers are made up of some combination of these materials.
  • Breaker: A nozzle at the end of a watering can’s spout (or the end of a watering hose) that “breaks” the water into evenly distributed droplets – much like the showerhead in your bathroom. The idea is to distribute the water so that it comes out of the can or hose gently and doesn’t create a crater in the media when watering.
 
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